Afsahara Knowledge Hub

Apart from the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) discussed in a previous article, another method used for determining subgrade strength is the Dynamic Cone Penetrometer (DCP) test. As opposed to the CBR test, DCP tests are used for the determination of in-situ site conditions (either compacted or at natural state). The DCP is a quick, in-situ

The California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test is an essential soil test used to evaluate the strength and load-bearing capacity of soil materials. The essence of the CBR test is to compare the penetration resistance of a soil material to that of a standard rock material, expressed as a percentage. As the name suggests, the test

Abstract This article explores significant technological advancements in bridge construction. The study highlights how technological advancements in bridge construction, such as precast concrete, prestressed systems, advanced grouting, rebar couplers, and pot bearings are transforming bridge construction practices thereby improving safety, durability, efficiency, sustainability and longevity. By showcasing real-world applications in Kenya, it demonstrates how these

Field density is an in-situ test that measures the density of natural or compacted fine and medium-grained soils. When used on compacted materials in the field, the field density refers to the degree of compaction on a layer by comparing the density achieved at the field with the maximum dry density (MDD) obtained in the

When it comes to construction and civil engineering, ensuring the stability and strength of the soil is paramount. One of the most effective ways to achieve this is through soil compaction, as discussed under soil stabilization methods. Compaction of soil is the process by which the solid particles are packed more closely together, usually by

In soil mechanics and geotechnical engineering, understanding the behaviour of soil under varying moisture contents is crucial. Atterberg Limits are a series of tests used to determine the critical water content thresholds of fine-grained soils. Just like grading, atterberg tests are classification tests, as they help classify soils based on their consistency and are essential

Grading, also known as Sieve Analysis or Particle Size Distribution, determines the proportion of particle sizes in a granular material (for instance soil or aggregates). Two methods are used for particle size distribution namely dry sieving and wet sieving. Wet sieving is a more accurate procedure for determining the particle size distribution of soils as

Soil refers to the unconsolidated top layer of the ground surface. It consists of weathered rock fragments, organic matter, minerals, water and air in different proportions. BS 1377-1 1990 defines soil as follows: An assemblage of discrete particles in the form of deposit, usually of mineral composition but sometimes of organic origin, which can be

According to Moore’s Law ‘the number of transistors on a microchip doubles about every two years, leading to exponential increases in computing power and decreases in relative cost’. The implication of this law in the growth of various types of technologies is profound. With the exponential growth in computing power, data storage, and overall technological

In the realm of construction, innovation is key. From ancient mud bricks to modern steel and glass skyscrapers, humanity’s pursuit of stronger, safer, and more sustainable building materials has been relentless. Among these materials stands a quiet revolution: Autoclaved Aerated Concrete (AAC). Though not as widely recognized as some of its counterparts, AAC possesses remarkable

In normal structural concrete placement circumstances, the compaction of the concrete during the process is critical in ensuring a quality finished product. The primary goal of compacting concrete immediately upon placement is to eliminate voids, air pockets, and ensure proper bonding between the particles of the concrete mix. This process significantly influences the overall strength,

Soil is one of the most widely used material in the construction industry, owing to its plentiful nature. However, most of the time, soil in its natural state may not have the required engineering properties required for the construction of sound elements. For this reason, engineers have come up with ingenious ways of enhancing the